Oil burner



Patented Ar.19',1927. 1,624,943

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. GIBBB, l' EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB T0 GIBBB UTILITIES COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A GORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

OIL BURNER.

Application led December 22, 1925. Serial No. 77,018.`

l My invention relates to that class of oil Figure 2 a vertical transverse section on burners where the oil is 'introduced in a line 2-2 of Figure l. liquid state to the burner where by radiated The burner casing of the combustion kand conducted 'heat it is caused to vaporize chamber proper is shown at l. I prefer to 5 while at the same time a draft of air, make this casing in the form of a horizone; natural or forced, is intimately mixed with tally fiattened cylinder of approximate oval the oilvapor in such a manner that comcross-section as shown in Figure 2, and with plete and efficient combustion is obtained. a slight central longitudinal depression in There is always a tendency in such burnits top wall for a portion of its length, as ers for the oil to form carbon deposits from shown in Figures l and 2. The inlet end a that part of the flame nearest the oil source of the burner, is"closed with an end wall where there is likely to be insufficient oxygen 2 and in this end wall I provide an orito insure complete combustion. As is well fice shown at 3 through which the oil is known, all that is necessary to produce this admitted to t-he burner. The `burner may coking action is a hot surface and uncon be made in two horizontally divided halves 70 sumed fuel in contact therewith. It is secured together by bolts 4. The burner has highly important therefore to keep the part at its inlet end a depressed trough portion of the flame carrying the richest fuel mix 5 for holding a poolof oil and this portion ture from coming in contact with the hot may be occupied with for example granular parts of the burner and the principal object refractory material such as sand. Extend- 75 of my invention is to embody in a burner ing to a suitable height in this depressed -means for interposing between the hot sur part of the burner is an overflow trap or face and the heavily charged flame an interpipe 6 through which the oil may escape mediate stream of fresh air or else an oxiinto a drain 7, thus forming a means for dizing part of the flame. conveying back to the oil reservoir any sur- 80 My present invention comprises means for plus oil that may accumulate in the said generating a swirling motion to the air durdepressed portion of the burner. I prefer to ing its passage through the burner, the swirlsurround the burner with a baiiie casing 8 ing motion being obtained by introducing and to place the bu'rner with its baiiie in an the air to an elongated horizontal combusoutside box 9 to which air may be admitted 85 tion chamber in a tangential manner, (transthrough an orifice shown at l0, the construcverse to the burner length) through one or tion being such that a large part of the air more orifices, the air sweeping first over the entering the box 9 through orifice 10 will interior wall vof the burner before it strikes pass forward the length of the box and rethe oil and then together with the oil vapor turn through the baffle in contact with the 9o forming an interior flame kept out of conhot walls of the burner before entering the tact with the wall of the combustion cham` latter. Some of the air will, however, pass ber by the incoming fresh air so that half from box 9 over the upper edges of the end burned oil is prevented from coming in conand side walls of baie casing 8, as indicated tact with the hot walls of the chamber to by arrows in the drawing. The air enters 95 form carbon deposits. A further extension the burner ehieiiy through tangential oriof the combustion chamber beyond the tanfices 11 locatedon each side of the depressed gential air inlets allows the admixture and oil receptacle 5 and also through central oricombustion to be continued, the admixture fices 12, both the orifices 11 and the orifices 'and the flame continuing in a Vortex with 12 being tangentially directed in the same 100 the richer mixture occupying the central direction to give a gyratory action to the air core of the flame and only the oxidizing part in the flattened cylinder, the air entering at of the liiame contacting with the walls of the two series of side orifices 1l, passing the combustion chamber. first in contact with the upper wall of the Further novel combinations will appear cylinders and then meeting a downward cur- 105 from the following description in connection rent of air coming through the orifices 12 with the accompanying drawings which before 1t comes in contact with the 011 lymg re resent in in a pool in the depressed portion 5 of the igure 1 a vertical longitudinal broken burner. From contact of the air with the section of the burner, and wall and from the heat of the burner con- 11o veyed to the oil both by conduction and 'radiation, the air when it reaches the lower part of the combustion chamber picks up a certain amount of the vaporized oil/and car- .ries the same in a gyratory path which is,

however, inside oi the gyratory path of the incoming fresh air and is thus prevented from coming in direct contact with the hot walls of the burner or if any of it should come in such contact it would only be in the presence of an excess of' air and further form a stron ly oxidizing flame which would not resu t in any deposition of carbon. The swirling dame thus produced, when looked at endwise, shows a central core heavily charged with fuel, the outside of the dame being clear. rEhe orifices 12 are in the center of the double arch or depresesd ortion of the top wall-of theiflattened cy indrical casing. Both the orifices 11 and 12 only extend part way along the burner preferably about as far as the de' pressed portion 5. From there on in the part indicated at 13 the burner may have an elliptical or any other suitable cross section, for here while the whirling or gyratory 1110- tion continues forming a double vortex-like current, the admixture is further completed and total combustion-insured. Oil is admitted through lpipe 14 to the box 9 where it may drop upon the to of the burner casfing in a pocket formed yiiange 15 and running over the edge of a shelf 16 may fall to the bottom of a preliminary chamber 17 in the bottom of which there may be also a refractory wick 18. From here the oil will pass through the orifice 3 and disseminate itself through the wick 19 in the depressed portion 5 of the burner. Should the oil flow too fast, any sur lus will escape through the trap 6 as be ore described. A certain amount of air will pass over the top y of the batlie casing 8 and into the oil pocket 17 and thence through the orifice 3. To start the burner l provide a door or lid 20 which when opened permits the introduction of a lighted taper to start the ignition.

I claim l. An oil burner comprising a horizontal casing having concave side walls, a discharge opening at one end, an oil containing pocket in the bottom wall, and air supply ports entering said casing tangentially to said concave walls inplanes transverse to said casing, whereby the air is caused to sweep with a gyratory motion over the interior of the casing walls before striking the oil in said pocket.

2. An oil burner comprising an elongated horizontal burner casing of elliptical crosssection presenting curved inner, side and top walls, said casing having a discharge openingbat one end, an oil containing pocket supply portsl in its ottom wall, and air enterlng the casing tangentially to its walls magma in planes transverse to the casing, whereby the air is caused to sweep with a' gyratory motion over the interior of the casing walls before striking the oil in said pocket.

3. An oil burner comprising an elongated horizontal burner casing of approximately elliptical cross-section presenting curved 1n- -ner, side and top Walls, said casing having a discharge opening 'at one end, an oil containing pocket it its bottom \vall,- and air supply ports entering the casing tangentially to its walls upon both sides otl said top Wall for a portion of its length, a disf charge opening at 011e end, an oil containing pocket in the bottom beneath said central depression, means for supplying oil to said pocket, and tangential air inlets extending through said casing in position to direct streams of air against the inner casing walls and subsequently over the oil in said pocket.

5. An oil burner comprising a horizontal cylindrical casing havin an end wall and a recess at the bottom a jacent to saidend wall, said recess containing a porous refractory wick, and tangential air orifices in the wall of said casing through which air entering the casing is directed first against the wall ofthe casing opposite the wick to protect said opposite wall from carbon deposi-` tion. i

6. An oil burner comprisin a horizontal casing having curved side wa 1s and an end wall forming a combustion chamber, an oil containing recess in the bottom of said combustion chamber adjacent to said end wall, means for supplying oil to said recess, said end wall having an opening through which air may be permitted to flow into said combustion chamber, and tangential' air inlets extending throu h the casing so as to direct streams of air'figrst against the sides of the casing andl then on to the oil in said recess. 7. An oil burner comprising a horizontal casing having an end wall, means for holding oil in said casing, and tangential air inlets through the casing so as to direct the air stream first against the sides of the caslng and then onto the oil, a preliminary oil receiving pocket adjacent to and said end wall having an opening therethrough, permitting oil and air to How from said pocket into the combustion chamber.

8: An oil burner comprising a horizontal caslng having an end wall, tangential air inlets through the casingv so as to direct the said end vwall,`

air stream first against the sides of the casof the oil receptacle, and other air inlets 25 through the arched top of the casing.

12. An oil burner comprising a horlzontal burner casing having a Wall at one end and on oil receptacle at the bottom adjacent said end Wall, the top of the casing being double arch shaped, tangential inlets through the casing at the sides of the oil receptacle, and other air inlets through the double arched top of the casing.

13. An oil burner comprising a horizontal casing, having an end Wall, means for admitting and holding oil in said casing, and

-tangential air inlets through the casing so as to direct the air stream first against the sides of the casing and then onto the oil, a

pocket adjacent to said end wall, and said end wall having an opening therethrough, permitting oil and air to flow from said pocket into the combustion chamber, and a removable lid for said receiving pocket.

9. An oil burner comprising an elongated horizontal burner casing having a Wall at one end and an oil receptacle at the bottom adjacent said end Wall, the top of the casing being arched above said receptacle, and tangential inlets through the casing at the sides of the oil receptacle.

l0. An oil burner comprising a horizontal burner casing having a Wall at one end and an oil receptacle at the bottom adjacent said end Wall, the top of the casing being double` arch shaped, and tangential inlets through box surrounding the said combustion chamthe casing at the sides of the oil receptacle. e ber open at the front end and closed at the 11. An oil burner comprising a-horizontal rear, and a bale between said combustion burner casing having a transverse wall at chamber casing and said box providing an air space through which the air entering the one end and an oil receptacle at the bottom adjacent said end Wall, the top of the casing burnerrmust first pass along the outside of the said combustion chamber casing.

being arched above said oil receptacle, tangential inlets through the casing at the sides WM. E. GIBBS. 

